期刊
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
卷 3, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00436
关键词
calorie restriction; lactation; gestation; obesity; insulin and leptin sensitivity; developmental programming; hypothalamus; milk leptin
类别
资金
- Spanish Government [AGL2009-11277]
- European Union [244995]
- Institut de Salud Carlos III
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion,
- CIBERobn
- European Research Network of Excellence NuGO (The European Nutrigenomics Organization, EU) [FP6-506360]
Epidemiological studies in humans and controlled intervention studies in animals have shown that nutritional programming in early periods of life is a phenomenon that affects metabolic and physiological functions throughout life. The phenotypes of health or disease are hence the result of the interaction between genetic and environmental factors, starting right from conception. In this sense, gestation and lactation are disclosed as critical periods. Continuous food restriction during these stages may lead to permanent adaptations with lasting effects on the metabolism of the offspring and may influence the propensity to develop different chronic diseases associated with obesity. However, the different outcomes of these adaptations on later health may depend on factors such as the type, duration, period, and severity of the exposure to energy restriction conditions, and they are, in part, gender specific. A better understanding of the factors and mechanisms involved in metabolic programming, and their effects, may contribute significantly to the prevention of obesity, which is considered to be one of the major health concerns of our time Here, the different outcomes of maternal food restriction during gestation and lactation in the metabolic health of offspring, as well as potential mechanisms underlying these effects are reviewed.
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