期刊
CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS
卷 15, 期 9, 页码 -出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11886-013-0400-4
关键词
Triglyceride; HDL-C; Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins; Apolipoproteins; Apolipoprotein C-III; Inflammation; Foamcells; Fatty streak; Reverse cholesterol transport; Cholesterol efflux; Toll receptors; Insulin resistance; Metabolic syndrome
资金
- NHLBI NIH HHS [P50 HL083813] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDCR NIH HHS [R01 DE018184] Funding Source: Medline
This review article summarizes recent research into the mechanisms as to how elevated levels of triglyceride (TG) and low levels of high- density- lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) contribute to inflammation and atherosclerosis. Evidence supports the role of TG-rich lipoproteins in signaling mechanisms via apolipoproteins C-III and free fatty acids leading to activation of NFK beta, VCAM-1 and other inflammatory mediators which lead to fatty streak formation and advanced atherosclerosis. Moreover, the cholesterol content in TG-rich lipoproteins has been shown to predict CAD risk better than LDL-C. In addition to reverse cholesterol transport, HDL has many other cardioprotective effects which include regulating immune function. The functionality of HDL appears more important than the level of HDL-C. Insulin resistance and central obesity underlie the pathophysiology of elevated TG and low HDL-C in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle recommendations including exercise and weight loss remain first line therapy in ameliorating insulin resistance and the adverse signaling processes from elevated levels of TG-rich lipoproteins and low HDL-C.
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