Three-Dimensional Structural Engineering for Energy-Storage Devices: From Microscope to Macroscope

For high-performance energy-storage devices, three-dimensional (3D) designs with diverse configurations are demonstrated to provide highly qualified electrodes and efficient device integration. From a microscope to a macroscope view, this review summarizes the recent advances in electrochemically active nanomaterials, novel current collectors, and integrations of the devices in 3D configurations.