期刊
CARTILAGE
卷 3, 期 3, 页码 235-244出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/1947603511424173
关键词
cartilage; subchondral bone; repair; computed tomography; contrast agent
类别
资金
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
- Finnish Cultural Foundation North Savo Regional Fund
- Kuopio University Hospital [EVO 5041715]
- University of Eastern Finland
- Foundation for Advanced Technology of Eastern Finland
Objective: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) has been introduced for the evaluation of cartilage integrity. Furthermore, CECT enables imaging of the structure and density of subchondral bone. In this laboratory study, we investigate the potential of microCECT to simultaneously image cartilage and subchondral bone for the evaluation of tissue healing. Design: Osteochondral lesions (empty set = 6 mm) were surgically created in equine intercarpal joints (n = 7). After spontaneous healing for 12 months, the horses were sacrificed and osteochondral plugs (empty set = 14 mm), including the repair cartilage and adjacent intact tissue, were harvested. The nonfibrillar and fibrillar moduli and the permeability of cartilage were determined using indentation testing. Contrast agent diffusion into the samples was imaged for 36 hours using high-resolution CT. Results from CECT, mechanical testing, and microscopic analyses were compared and correlated. Results: The contrast agent diffusion coefficient showed a significant (P < 0.05) difference between the repair and adjacent intact tissue. MicroCECT revealed altered (P < 0.05) bone volume fraction, mineral density, and microstructure of subchondral bone at the repair site. The contrast agent diffusion coefficient correlated with the moduli of the nonfibrillar matrix (R = -0.662, P = 0.010), collagen fibril parallelism index (R = -0.588, P = 0.035), and glycosaminoglycan content (R = -0.503, P = 0.067). The repair cartilage was mechanically and structurally different from adjacent intact tissue (P < 0.05). Conclusions: MicroCECT enabled simultaneous quantitative evaluation of subchondral bone and monitoring of cartilage repair, distinguishing quantitatively the repair site from the adjacent intact tissue. As the only technique able to simultaneously image cartilage and determine subchondral bone mineral density and microstructure, CECT has potential clinical value.
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