期刊
ALLERGOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
卷 62, 期 4, 页码 425-433出版社
JAPANESE SOCIETY ALLERGOLOGY
DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.13-RAI-0608
关键词
allergy vaccines; B regulatory cells; desensitization; immune tolerance; T regulatory cells
资金
- Swiss National Science Foundation [320030-132899, 32-125249]
- Christine Kuhne-Center for Allergy Research and Education
- Davos (CK-CARE)
- MeDALL: Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy (European 7th frame work project) [261357]
- Polish National Science Centre [2011/01/B/NZ6/01872, 2012/04/M/NZ6/00355, 2012/04/A/NZ6/00407]
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) is the only available curative treatment of allergic diseases. Recent evidence provided a plausible explanation to its multiple mechanisms inducing both rapid desensitization and long-term allergen-specific immune tolerance, and suppression of allergic inflammation in the affected tissues. During SIT, peripheral tolerance is induced by the generation of allergen-specific regulatory T cells, which suppress proliferative and cytokine responses against the allergen of interest. Regulatory T cells are characterized by IL-10 and TGF-beta secretion and expression of important cell surface suppressive molecules such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 and programmed death-1 that directly or indirectly influence effector cells of allergic inflammation, such as mast cells, basophils and eosinophils. Regulatory T cells and particularly IL-10 also have an influence on B cells, suppressing IgE production and inducing the production of blocking type IgG4 antibodies. In addition, development of allergen-specific B regulatory cells that produce IL-10 and develop into IgG4 producing plasma cells represent essential players in peripheral tolerance. These findings together with the new biotechnological approaches create a platform for development of the advanced vaccines. Moreover, reliable biomarkers could be selected and validated with the intention to select the patients who will benefit most from this immune-modifying treatment. Thus, allergen-SIT could provide a complete cure for a larger number of allergic patients and novel preventive approaches need to be elaborated.
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