Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of novel bis-isatin carbohydrazone derivatives

In the present study, the synthesis of new bis-isatin carbohydrazone derivatives and their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were investigated. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by Fourier transform infrared, H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectra. The antimicrobial activity of the compounds was determined by using the two-fold serial dilution technique against various bacterial and fungal species in comparison to standard drugs. All synthesized compounds displayed a broad spectrum of activities with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 6.25 to 100g/ml against tested microorganisms. The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the total antioxidant capacity by a phosphomolybdenum assay and their ability to chelate ferrous iron. In general, the derivatives were found to exhibit antioxidant activity. Further, the compounds with electron-withdrawing groups at the C5 position demonstrated significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.