Sediment loss in semiarid small watershed due to the land use

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the sedimentological behavior in two small rural watersheds in the semiarid Northeast of Brazil, examining the influence of human activity on the sediment yields. The studied area is sited in the Alto Jaguaribe basin, more precisely in the Iguatu County, Ceara State. The experimental area was composed of two small watersheds denominated B1 and B2. In watershed B1 a treatment (thinning) was applied, eliminating the plant species with diameters lower than 10 cm. The results showed that the Caatinga clearing practice did have an influence in changing the sediment yield during the first events. It was also found that the magnitude of previous events contributed to an increase in the sediment yields by the subsequent events as a consequence of the sediment deposit in the drainage network. The accumulated sediment yields reached at the end of the 2009 rainfall season values of 1.45 and 1.39 tons ha(-1) year(-1) for B1 and B2, respectively, with no significant difference at 5%. It was concluded that, even when the effect of treatment on the sediment yields at the beginning of the rainy season is measured, the total sediment yields was not changed by the adoption of clearing. Therefore, it is a management system that can be employed in the land use at semiarid regions.