期刊
ECOSPHERE
卷 2, 期 6, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1890/ES11-00088.1
关键词
Chicago; entomological risk; Filariasis; habitat gradient; metacommunity; nuisance; richness; Rift Valley fever; Schmalhausen's law; West Nile virus
类别
资金
- NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease [0429124, 0840403]
- University of Illinois Adaptive Infrastructure Information Systems Initiative
- Emory University
- Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) mosquito-borne disease program of the Science and Technology Directorate
- Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health
- Gorgas Memorial Research Grant of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [10F00392] Funding Source: KAKEN
Urban habitat heterogeneity can modify interactions across species and lead to spatially fine grained differences in beta-diversity patterns and their associated ecosystem services. Here, we study the impacts of landscape heterogeneity and climatic variability on: (1) the richness and diversity patterns of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and (2) the abundance and West Nile virus infection rate of the house mosquito, Culex pipiens, in Chicago, USA. We conducted a four year long study (2005-2008) in 8 sites that captured a gradient of urban heterogeneities. We found a total of 19 mosquito species, a representative sample of mosquito species richness in the area, according to both model estimation (Chao2 +/- S. E. = 20.50 +/- 2.29) and faunal records for Chicago. We found that heterogeneity in the landscape was the best predictor of both mosquito species richness and diversity, with the most heterogeneous landscapes harboring the largest number of species. In general there were no changes in species richness over the years that could be associated with weather patterns and climatic variability (WPCV). In contrast, changes in diversity were associated with WPCV. Our results also showed that WPCV had major impacts on house mosquito abundance and West Nile virus mosquito infection rate (MIR) patterns. Although MIR was independent of mosquito diversity, it was associated with overall mosquito abundance, which had a convex association with species richness (i.e., abundance increases to a point after which it decreases as function of species richness). Finally, our results highlight the importance of considering dominant vector species as part of a community of vectors, whose biodiversity patterns can directly or indirectly impact the risk of infectious disease transmission.
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