期刊
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
卷 2, 期 6, 页码 1525-1533出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/sc500221s
关键词
Nanowhislcer; Hierarchical structure; Carbon nanofiber; Porous structure; Supercapacitors
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21101141, 51202223]
- Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities (NCET)
- J. Robert Oppenheimer Distinguished Fellowship
- Open Project Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparation Chemistry of Jilin University
Controlled synthesis of carbon nanomaterials with particular shape, composition, architecture, and doping is very important, yet still a great challenge, for enhancing supercapacitor performance with high energy and power densities and long lifetime. Herein, we demonstrate an interesting process combining surfactantless and templateless wet chemical and post-high-temperature carbonization strategies for obtaining a new class of nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon nanowhisker ensembles supported on carbon nanofibers (NHCNs) with tunable rnicropores and a nitrogen-doping level for high-performance supercapacitors. Under the optimal pore size and nitrogen doping controlled by carbonization at different temperatures, the NHCNs (NHCNs-750) carbonized at 750 degrees C shows an optimal specific capacitance of 210.1 F g(-1) at 5 mV s(-1), which is much higher than other one-dimensional carbon nanostructures (e.g., pure carbon nanofibers (2.6 F g(-1)) and carbon nanotubes (10.6 F g(-1)) at 5 mVs(-1)). NHCNs-750 also showed good rate capability of 78.5% and 75.2% capacitance retention at 100 mV s(-1) and 200 mV respectively, and excellent cycling stability of 96.2% capacitance retention after 3000 cycles. Furthermore, we found that the specific capacitance of NHCNs can be further increased to 254.3 F g(-1) by a KOH-assisted high-temperature process. The present work opens a new route to design advanced 1D hierarchical carbon nanomaterials with tunable pores and nitrogen doping for enhancing energy storage and conversion applications.
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