期刊
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
卷 1, 期 10, 页码 1295-1302出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/sc400150w
关键词
Reverse electrodialysis; Renewable energy; Efficiency; Entropy; Salinity gradient energy; Ion exchange membranes
资金
- Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs, European Union Regional Development Fund, Province of Fryslan, City of Leeuwarden
- EZ/Kompas program of the Samenwer-kingsverband Noord-Nederland
Renewable energy can be captured from the mixing of salt and fresh water in reverse electrodialysis. This paper investigates the energy efficiency of this process for feed waters that pass a reverse electrodialysis cell once and waters that pass multiple cells or electrode segments. So far, the maximum theoretical energy efficiency was considered to be 50% when the feed waters pass a single cell once; significantly higher efficiencies could only be obtained when the waters were recirculated or passed multiple electrodes. In this study, we show that the ion transport corresponding to the obtained energy and the electromotive force mutually influence each other, which enables capture of more than 50% (even up to 95%) of the theoretical energy, even when the feedwater streams pass a reverse electrodialysis cell only once.
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