期刊
TOXINS
卷 5, 期 11, 页码 2227-2240出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/toxins5112227
关键词
cytokines; depression; antidepressants; citalopram; escitalopram; mirtazapine
资金
- Claussen-Simon-Foundation
The interplay between immune and nervous systems plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of depression. In depressive episodes, patients show increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-. There is limited information on the effect of antidepressant drugs on cytokines, most studies report on a limited sample of cytokines and none have reported effects on IL-22. We systematically investigated the effect of three antidepressant drugs, citalopram, escitalopram and mirtazapine, on secretion of cytokines IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, IL-22 and TNF- in a whole blood assay in vitro, using murine anti-human CD3 monoclonal antibody OKT3, and 5C3 monoclonal antibody against CD40, to stimulate T and B cells respectively. Citalopram increased production of IL-1, IL-6, TNF- and IL-22. Mirtazapine increased IL-1, TNF- and IL-22. Escitalopram decreased IL-17 levels. The influence of antidepressants on IL-2 and IL-4 levels was not significant for all three drugs. Compared to escitalopram, citalopram led to higher levels of IL-1, IL-6, IL-17 and IL-22; and mirtazapine to higher levels of IL-1, IL-17, IL-22 and TNF-. Mirtazapine and citalopram increased IL-22 production. The differing profile of cytokine production may relate to differences in therapeutic effects, risk of relapse and side effects.
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