期刊
PLOS GENETICS
卷 9, 期 6, 页码 -出版社
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003500
关键词
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资金
- Aarno Koskelo Foundation
- Academy of Finland [40758, 41071, 77299, 102318, 104781, 110413, 117787, 117844, 118065, 118590, 120315, 120386, 121584, 123885, 124243, 124282, 125876, 126925, 129269, 129293, 129322, 129378, 129494, 129680, 139635, 211497, 213506, 250207, 1114194]
- Academy of Finland Centre of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics
- ALF/LUA research grant in Gothenburg
- Agency for Science, Technology, and Research of Singapore (A*STAR)
- Althingi (the Icelandic Parliament)
- American Heart Association [0730094N]
- Australian Research Council (ARC) [DP0770096, DP1093900]
- Biocentrum Helsinki
- Boston Medical Center
- Boston University School of Medicine
- British Diabetes Association
- BDA Research
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) [PG/02/128, PG/07/133/24260, RG2008/08, RG2008/014]
- Cancer Research UK [C490/A8339, C490/A10124]
- Central Norway Health Authority
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois
- Chief Scientist Office of Scotland
- City of Kuopio
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Diabetes Hilfs- und Forschungsfonds Deutschland (DHFD)
- Diabetes UK
- Donald W. Reynolds Foundation
- Dresden University of Technology Funding Grant
- Dutch Brain Foundation
- Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation
- Dutch Kidney Foundation [E033]
- Dutch Inter University Cardiology Institute Netherlands (ICIN)
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research (EMGO+)
- Emil Aaltonen Foundation
- Erasmus Medical Center
- Erasmus University
- Estonian Government [SF0180142s08]
- Estonian Biocentre Centre of Excellence in Genomics
- European Commission [FP5-QLG2-CT-2002-00896, FP5-QLG2-CT-2002-01254, FP5-QLRT-2001-01254, FP6-LSHM-CT-2004-005272, FP6-LSHM-CT-2004-503485, FP6-LSHG-CT-2004-518153, FP6-LSHG-CT-2006-018947, FP6-LSHM-CT-2006-037593, FP6-LSHM-CT-2006-037697, FP6-LSHM-CT-2007-037273, FP7-HEALTH-201413, FP7-HEALTH-201536, FP7-HEALTH-201550, FP7-HEALTH-201668, FP7-HEALTH-201865, FP7-HEALTH-230374, FP7-HEALTH-245536, FP7-HEALTH-261433]
- Directorate C-Public Health [2004310]
- Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship, EURO-BLCS, Framework 5 award [QLG1-CT-2000-01643]
- European Regional Development Fund
- European Science Foundation (ESF)
- Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania
- Finnish Cultural Foundation
- Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation
- Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research
- Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (TEKES) [40058/07, 70103/06]
- Finnish Heart Association
- Finnish Medical Society
- Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture (OKM) [627: 2004-2011]
- Finnish Ministry of Health and Social Affairs [5254]
- Finnish National Institute for Health and Welfare
- Finnish Slot Machine Association (RAY)
- Folkhalsan Research Foundation
- Fondation LeDucq
- Foundation for Life and Health in Finland
- Genetic Association Information Network (GAIN)
- German Diabetes Association
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [01KU0908A, 01AK803A-H, 01IG07015G, 01GS0823, 01GS0834, 01ZZ0103, 01ZZ0403, 01ZZ9603, 03ZIK012, 01ER1206]
- German Research Center for Environmental Health
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Goteborg Medical Society
- The Great Wine Estates of the Margaret River region of Western Australia
- Greek General Secretary of Research and Technology (PENED)
- Healthway, Western Australia
- Heinz Nixdorf Foundation
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen
- Helsinki University Central Hospital
- Hjartavernd (the Icelandic Heart Association)
- Hospital district of Pirkanmaa, South Ostrobothnia
- Central Finland
- International Stichting Alzheimer Onderzoek (ISAO)
- Italian Ministry of Health
- John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
- Juho Vainio Foundation
- Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International (JDRF)
- Karolinska Institutet
- Stockholm County Council [560183, 562183]
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
- Lundberg Foundation
- March of Dimes [6-FY-09-507]
- Medical Research Foundation of Umea University
- Ministry of Health and Department of Educational Assistance, University and Research of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano
- Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia [108-1080315-0302]
- Montreal Heart Institute Foundation
- The Municipal Health Care Center and Hospital in Jakobstad
- Municipality of Nijmegen
- Municipality of Rotterdam
- Narpes Health Care Foundation
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD)
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) [241944, 389875, 389891, 389892, 389938, 442915, 442981, 496739, 496688, 552485, 613672, 613601, 1011506]
- Netherlands Brain Foundation
- Netherlands Centre for Medical Systems Biology (CMSB)
- Netherlands Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [014-93-015, 050-060-810, 40-0056-98-9032, 175-010-2005011, 175-010-2007-006, 184-021-007, 311-60-008, 400-05-717, 480-04-004, 480-05-003, 904-61-090, 904-61-193, 911-03-012, 916-761-70, 985-10-002, SPI 56-464-14192]
- Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam (NCA)
- NHS Support for Science Funding Programme
- Nord-Trondelag County Council
- Nordic Center of Cardiovascular Research (NCCR)
- Nordic Centre of Excellence in Disease Genetics
- Nordic Centre of Excellence in Systems Biology [070014]
- Northern Netherlands Collaboration of Provinces (SNN)
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health
- Norwegian Research Council [185764]
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- Novo Nordisk Foundation
- Ollqvist Foundation
- Orion-Farmos Research Foundation
- Paavo Nurmi Foundation
- Paivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation
- Paul Michael Donovan Charitable Foundation
- Perklen Foundation
- Petrus and Augusta Hedlunds Foundation
- Province of Groningen
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre
- Royal Swedish Academy of Science
- Sardstedt AG Co.
- Siemens Healthcare
- Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
- Social Insurance Institution of Finland
- South Tyrolean Sparkasse Foundation
- Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation
- Swedish Cancer Society
- Swedish Cultural Foundation in Finland
- Swedish Diabetes Association
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF)
- Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation
- Swedish Research Council [0593, 8691, 2006-3832, K2007-66X-20270-01-3, K2010-52X-20229-05-3, K2010-54X-09894-19-3]
- Swedish Society for Medical Research
- Swedish Society of Medicine
- Swiss National Science Foundation [310000-112552, 33CSCO-122661]
- Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation
- Torsten and Ragnar Soderberg Foundation
- UK Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC)
- UK Medical Research Council (MRC) [G0000649, G0601261, G9521010D, G0000934, G0500539, G0600705]
- Centre for Obesity and Related Metabolic Disease
- Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health
- PrevMetSyn/SALVE
- MRC-GSK pilot programme [85374]
- UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)
- Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
- CamStrad
- Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre
- London Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit
- Oxford Biomedical Research Centre [RP-PG-0310-1002]
- University Hospital Essen
- University Hospital Kuopio
- University Hospital Oulu
- University Hospital Tampere
- University Hospital Turku
- University of Groningen
- University of Lausanne
- University of Leipzig
- University of Tromso
- University Medical Center Groningen
- University of Tartu
- US Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Research Initiative Competitive Grant [2007-35205-17883]
- US National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- US National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [268200625226C, 268201100005C, 268201100006C, 268201100007C, 268201100008C, 268201100009C, 268201100010C, 268201100011C, 268201100012C, 5R01HL087679-02, 1RL1MH083268-01]
- US National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
- US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
- US National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
- US National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
- US National Institutes of Health (NIH) [5R01MH63706: 02, K23DK080145, M01RR16500, N01AG12100, N01AG12109, N01HC25195, N01HC35129, N01HC85079, N01HC85080, N01HC85081, N01HC85082, N01HC85083, N01HC85084, N01HC85085, N01HC85086, N01HC85239, N01HG65403, N02HL64278, P01CA87969, P30DK063491, P30DK072488, R01AA007535, R01AA014041, R01AA013320, R01AA013321, R01AA013326, R01AG004563, R01AG008724, R01AG008861, R01AG010175, R01AG013196, R01AG015928, R01AG020098, R01AG023629, R01AG027058, R01AG028555, R01CA047988, R01CA049449, R01CA050385, R01CA065725, R01CA067262, R01DA12854, R01DK062370, R01DK072193, R01DK073490, R01DK075681, R01DK075787, R01DK089256, R01HD042157, R01HG002651, R01HL036310, R01HL043851, R01HL059367, R01HL071981, R01HL075366, R01HL086694, R01HL087641, R01HL087647, R01HL087652, R01HL087676, R01HL087679, R01HL087700, R01HL088215, R01HL105756, R01HS006516, R01LM010098, R01MH059565, R01MH059566, R01MH059571, R01MH059586, R01MH059587, R01MH059588, R01MH060870, R01MH060879, R01MH061675, R01MH067257, R01MH079469, R01MH079470, R01MH081800, RL1MH083268, U01CA098233, U01DK062418, U01HG004402, U01HL069757, U01HL072515, U01HL080295, U01HL084729, U01HL084756, U24MH068457, U54RR020278, UL1RR025005, UL1RR033176, Z01HG000024]
- US National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
- Vasa Health Care Center
- Narpes Health Care Center
- Korsholm Health Care Center
- Vastra Gotaland Foundation
- VU University Amsterdam
- Stanford University
- Wellcome Trust [068545/Z/02, 069224, 072960, 075491, 076113/B/04/Z, 076113/K/04/Z, 079557, 079895, 081682, 083270, 084183/Z/07/Z, 085301, 086596/Z/08/Z, 089061/Z/09/Z, 089062/Z/09/Z, 090532/Z/09/Z, 098051]
- Go-DARTS
- WT Research Career Development Fellowship
- WT Career Development Award
- WT Centre for Human Genetics
- WT Clinical Research Facility
- WT Sanger Institute
- Scottish Health Informatics Programme
- Yrjo Jahnsson Foundation [56358]
- British Heart Foundation
- Academy of Finland (AKA) [129322, 129322] Funding Source: Academy of Finland (AKA)
- Wellcome Trust [076113/K/04/Z, 084183/Z/07/Z, 086596/Z/08/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
- ESRC [ES/J023299/1, ES/G007438/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Innovate UK [85374] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [G1002084, MC_U123092720, G0601261, G0600237, MC_UU_12015/1, G0000934, G0600705, MC_UU_12015/2, MR/K013351/1, G9521010, MC_U106188470, MC_U106179472, MC_PC_U127561128] Funding Source: UKRI
- British Heart Foundation [RG/08/008/25291] Funding Source: researchfish
- Cancer Research UK [14136] Funding Source: researchfish
- Chief Scientist Office [CZB/4/672, CZB/4/710] Funding Source: researchfish
- Economic and Social Research Council [ES/J023299/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G0601261, MC_UU_12015/1, G0600705, MC_U106179472, G1002084, MR/K013351/1, G9521010, MC_U106179471, MC_U106188470, G0000934, G0401527, MC_UU_12015/2, MC_PC_U127561128, G1000143, MR/K006584/1, MC_U123092720, G0600237] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [NF-SI-0512-10113] Funding Source: researchfish
- Novo Nordisk Fonden [NNF13OC0005785] Funding Source: researchfish
Given the anthropometric differences between men and women and previous evidence of sex-difference in genetic effects, we conducted a genome-wide search for sexually dimorphic associations with height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-to-hip-ratio (133,723 individuals) and took forward 348 SNPs into follow-up (additional 137,052 individuals) in a total of 94 studies. Seven loci displayed significant sex-difference (FDR<5%), including four previously established (near GRB14/COBLL1, LYPLAL1/SLC30A10, VEGFA, ADAMTS9) and three novel anthropometric trait loci (near MAP3K1, HSD17B4, PPARG), all of which were genome-wide significant in women (P<5x10(-8)), but not in men. Sex-differences were apparent only for waist phenotypes, not for height, weight, BMI, or hip circumference. Moreover, we found no evidence for genetic effects with opposite directions in men versus women. The PPARG locus is of specific interest due to its role in diabetes genetics and therapy. Our results demonstrate the value of sex-specific GWAS to unravel the sexually dimorphic genetic underpinning of complex traits.
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