Acylation stimulating protein reduction precedes insulin sensitization after BPD-DS bariatric surgery in severely obese women

OBJECTIVE: The mechanisms involved in early resolution of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus after biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS) surgery are still unknown. We evaluated early effects of BPD-DS on plasma acylation stimulating protein (ASP), an adipokine involved in lipid and glucose metabolism. SUBJECTS: 32 non-diabetic and 22 diabetic severely obese women (BMI >= 40 kg m(-2)) were evaluated for body composition and plasma parameters before, 24 h, 5 days, 6 and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS: Within the early postoperative period (24 h), ASP decreased 25 and 30% in non-diabetic and diabetic women, respectively (P < 0.001). Twenty-four hours after surgery, triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL-Chol, LDL-Chol and C3 also decreased, while glucose, insulin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) increased (all P < 0.001). By 5 days, without significant weight loss, the decreases in ASP, cholesterol, HDL-Chol and LDL-Chol levels were all maintained. At this time, glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR also decreased 11 to 52% (all P < 0.001). At 6 and 12 months, with pronounced weight loss and decreased per cent fat mass, there were further decreases in ASP (maximal - 56% non-diabetic, - 61% diabetic, P < 0.001), as well as in glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-Chol, HDL-Chol and hsCRP levels. Improved insulin resistance/diabetes at 5 days was predicted by 24 h changes as follows: per cent change ASP, HDL-Chol, hsCRP and total cholesterol predicted HOMA-IR (5 days) (r(2) = 0.454, P < 0.001), and per cent change ASP, HDL-Chol and hsCRP predicted change (5 days vs baseline) in HOMA-IR (r(2) = 0.351, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Acute postoperative decreases in ASP are associated with early improvement of insulin resistance/diabetes after BPD-DS surgery. Nutrition and Diabetes (2012) 2, e41; doi:10.1038/nutd.2012.13; published online 20 August 2012