期刊
MOLECULAR CYTOGENETICS
卷 7, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
DOI: 10.1186/s13039-014-0099-y
关键词
B chromosomes; Segmental duplication; Proto-oncogenes; Vertebrates; Evolution of genomes
资金
- Russian Foundation of Basic Research (RFBR) [12-04-00659-a]
- grant of Russian Academy of Sciences (Molecular and Cellular Biology)
- Campus Research Board of the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign.
Background: There is a growing body of evidence that B chromosomes, once regarded as totally heterochromatic and genetically inert, harbor multiple segmental duplications containing clusters of ribosomal RNA genes, processed pseudogenes and protein-coding genes. Application of novel molecular approaches further supports complex composition and possible phenotypic effects of B chromosomes. Results: Here we review recent findings of gene-carrying genomic segments on B chromosomes from different vertebrate groups. We demonstrate that the genetic content of B chromosomes is highly heterogeneous and some B chromosomes contain multiple large duplications derived from various chromosomes of the standard karyotype. Although B chromosomes seem to be mostly homologous to each other within a species, their genetic content differs between species. There are indications that some genomic regions are more likely to be located on B chromosomes. Conclusions: The discovery of multiple autosomal genes on B chromosomes opens a new discussion about their possible effects ranging from sex determination to fitness and adaptation, their complex interactions with host genome and role in evolution.
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