Utility of frozen cell lines in medium throughput electrophysiology screening of hERG and Nav1.5 blockade

Introduction: The development of drug candidates must take into account that many compounds have off-target activity against voltage-gated ion channels (VGIC) which may prevent their progression to market. Of particular concern are hERG and hNa(v)1.5. Screening against these ion channels is necessary but expensive, partially due to maintenance of constantly cultured cell lines. Here, we show that frozen HEK-293 cells can be maintained indefinitely, reducing variability in cell performance, time and expense of cell culture. Methods: Cells, constantly cultured or frozen, were assayed on the PatchXpress 7000A using tool compounds. Results: Amitriptyline, quinidine, compound A. fluoxetine and imipramine inhibited hERG with IC(50)s (paired values denote constantly cultured and frozen, respectively) of 4.8 +/- 0.4 and 5.1 +/- 0.4, 1.4 +/- 0.1 and 1.1 +/- 0.1,24.4 +/- 2.4 and 21.9 +/- 1.8, 2.1 +/- 0.4 and 2.1 +/- 0.1.52 +/- 0.4 and 4.0 +/- 0.2 mu M. Quinidine, flecainide, mexiletine and amitriptyline inhibited hNa(v)1.5 with IC(50)s of 46.6 +/- 4.3 and 28.0 +/- 2.3, 7.6 +/- 0.7 and 6.2 +/- 0.5, 153.5 +/- 13.0 and 106.0 +/- 4.7, 5.5 +/- 0.5 and 4.8 +/- 0.2 mu M. Voltage dependences of activation (V-1/2) for hERG were statistically identical, 0.4 +/- 0.8 mV and 2.5 +/- 0.5 my. In hNa(v)1.5, the V-1/2 of inactivation and activation were statistically identical, -82.7 +/- 0.1 mV versus - 84.9 +/- 03 mV, -47.5 +/- 0.3 mV versus -45.0 +/- 0.6 mV. Current density in both conditions in hERG experiments was similar, 47.0 +/- 4.1 pA versus 42.3 +/- 6.0 pA/pF. Discussion: hERG and hNav1.5 screens run using frozen cells have statistically identical IC(50)s, voltage dependence of activation, IV relationships and current density to screens using continuously cultured cells. Frozen cells have more constant performance and allow rapid switching between experiments on several cell lines without sacrificing data quality. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.