Implantable CPW-fed rectangular patch antenna for ISM band biomedical applications

Implantable antennas have recently been receiving substantial attention for medical diagnosis and treatment. In this paper, a coplanar waveguide-fed monopole antenna for industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band biomedical applications is proposed. The antenna has a simple structure is placed on human tissues such as muscle, fat, and skin. The designed antenna is made compatible for implantation by embedding it in an FR4 substrate. The proposed antenna is simulated using the method of moment's software IE3D by assuming the predetermined dielectric constant for the human muscle tissue, fat, and skin. The antenna operates in the frequency of ISM bands, 2.4-2.48GHz. Simulated and measured gains attain -7.7 and -8 dBi in the frequency of 2.45GHz. The radiation pattern, return loss, current distribution, and gain of these antennas were examined and characterized.