期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
卷 11, 期 11, 页码 11691-11704出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph111111691
关键词
e-cigarette; electronic cigarette; nicotine; smoking; international
资金
- US National Cancer Institute [R01 CA100362, P01 CA138389]
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research [115016]
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [450110]
- Cancer Research UK [C312/A11039]
- Mexican Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [Salud-2007-C01-70032]
- National Cancer Institute of Brazil
- National Anti-Drug Secretariat of Brazil (SENAD)
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
- Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw)
- Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare
- Malaysian Ministry of Health
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research
- Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute
- Dutch SILNE Project - European Commission [FP7 HEALTH-F3-2011-278273]
- Economic and Social Research Council [ES/G007489/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [MR/K023195/1] Funding Source: researchfish
Background: In recent years, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have generated considerable interest and debate on the implications for tobacco control and public health. Although the rapid growth of e-cigarettes is global, at present, little is known about awareness and use. This paper presents self-reported awareness, trial and current use of e-cigarettes in 10 countries surveyed between 2009 and 2013; for six of these countries, we present the first data on e-cigarettes from probability samples of adult smokers. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of probability samples of adult (>= 18 years) current and former smokers participating in the International Tobacco Control (ITC) surveys from 10 countries. Surveys were administered either via phone, face-to-face interviews, or the web. Survey questions included sociodemographic and smoking-related variables, and questions about e-cigarette awareness, trial and current use. Results: There was considerable cross-country variation by year of data collection and for awareness of e-cigarettes (Netherlands (2013: 88%), Republic of Korea (2010: 79%), United States (2010: 73%), Australia (2013: 66%), Malaysia (2011: 62%), United Kingdom (2010: 54%), Canada (2010: 40%), Brazil (2013: 35%), Mexico (2012: 34%), and China (2009: 31%)), in self-reports of ever having tried e-cigarettes (Australia, (20%), Malaysia (19%), Netherlands (18%), United States (15%), Republic of Korea (11%), United Kingdom (10%), Mexico (4%), Canada (4%), Brazil (3%), and China (2%)), and in current use (Malaysia (14%), Republic of Korea (7%), Australia (7%), United States (6%), United Kingdom (4%), Netherlands (3%), Canada (1%), and China (0.05%)). Conclusions: The cross-country variability in awareness, trial, and current use of e-cigarettes is likely due to a confluence of country-specific market factors, tobacco control policies and regulations (e.g., the legal status of e-cigarettes and nicotine), and the survey timing along the trajectory of e-cigarette awareness and trial/use in each country. These ITC results constitute an important snapshot of an early stage of what appears to be a rapid progression of global e-cigarette use.
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