Room-temperature fabrication of dual-functional hierarchical TiO2 spheres for dye-sensitized solar cells

At room temperature, hierarchical TiO2 spheres with dual functions of high dye loading capacity and light scattering ability were synthesized by a facile and low-cost method. The dye-sensitized solar cells using the hierarchical TiO2 spheres as the scattering layer displayed improved cell performance when compared with the commercial scattering layer.