Heterogenization of homogeneous catalytic systems

Heterogenization methods of homogeneous catalytic systems to render the catalyst and the product(s) in separable phases to allow facile separation are summarized. The applications of two liquid phases with no, limited, or temperature regulated miscibility of the two phases or a solid phase and a liquid phase with no, limited, or temperature regulated solubility of the constituent(s) of the solid phase in the liquid phase are demonstrated on selected examples.