期刊
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 9, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06153-w
关键词
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资金
- Leibniz Association
- DFG [SFB 1227, RTG 1991]
- ERC
- cluster of excellence Quantum Engineering and Space-Time Research [EXC201]
- ARC via the Centre of Excellence in Engineered Quantum Systems (EQuS) [CE110001013]
- AINST Postgraduate Scholarship
- Hanyang University [HY-2016-2237]
What is the energy cost of extracting entanglement from complex quantum systems? Operationally, we may wish to actually extract entanglement. Conceptually, we may wish to physically understand the entanglement distribution as a function of energy. This is important, especially for quantum field theory vacua, which are extremely entangled. Here we build a theory to understand the energy cost of entanglement extraction. First, we consider a toy model, and then we define the entanglement temperature, relating energy cost to extracted entanglement. Next, we give a physical argument quantifying the energy cost of entanglement extraction in some quantum field vacua. There the energy cost depends on the spatial dimension: in one dimension, for example, it grows exponentially with extracted entanglement. Next, we provide approaches to bound the energy cost of extracting entanglement more generally. Finally, we look at spin chain models numerically to calculate the entanglement temperature using matrix product states.
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