期刊
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 5, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4481
关键词
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资金
- Recruitment Programme of Global Experts of China [Y3B0Z2A99S]
- SPORT project [XDA04060801]
- Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratories of China
- CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Programme for Creative Research Teams
- STEREO project [NAS5-03131]
- NASA STEREO
- European Union [263252]
- Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Div Atmospheric & Geospace Sciences [1140211] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Atmospheric & Geospace Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1239699] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Space weather refers to dynamic conditions on the Sun and in the space environment of the Earth, which are often driven by solar eruptions and their subsequent interplanetary disturbances. It has been unclear how an extreme space weather storm forms and how severe it can be. Here we report and investigate an extreme event with multi-point remote-sensing and in situ observations. The formation of the extreme storm showed striking novel features. We suggest that the in-transit interaction between two closely launched coronal mass ejections resulted in the extreme enhancement of the ejecta magnetic field observed near 1 AU at STEREO A. The fast transit to STEREO A (in only 18.6 h), or the unusually weak deceleration of the event, was caused by the preconditioning of the upstream solar wind by an earlier solar eruption. These results provide a new view crucial to solar physics and space weather as to how an extreme space weather event can arise from a combination of solar eruptions.
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