期刊
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 4, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3351
关键词
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资金
- National Science Foundation [DMR-1157490]
- State of Florida
- US Department of Energy
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [TRR 80]
- European Community (OxIDes)
- National Science Foundation through the MRSEC programme [DMR-1120296]
- Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program
- NSF graduate fellowship [DGE-0707428]
- D.O.D. through an NDSEG fellowship
- Army Research Office ARO [W911NF0910415]
Emergent phenomena, including superconductivity and magnetism, found in the two-dimensional electron liquid (2-DEL) at the interface between the insulators lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO3) and strontium titanate (SrTiO3) distinguish this rich system from conventional 2D electron gases at compound semiconductor interfaces. The origin of this 2-DEL, however, is highly debated, with focus on the role of defects in the SrTiO3, while the LaAlO3 has been assumed perfect. Here we demonstrate, through experiments and first-principle calculations, that the cation stoichiometry of the nominal LaAlO3 layer is key to 2-DEL formation: only Al-rich LaAlO3 results in a 2-DEL. Although extrinsic defects, including oxygen deficiency, are known to render LaAlO3/SrTiO3 samples conducting, our results show that in the absence of such extrinsic defects an interface 2-DEL can form. Its origin is consistent with an intrinsic electronic reconstruction occurring to counteract a polarization catastrophe. This work provides insight for identifying other interfaces where emergent behaviours await discovery.
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