期刊
AUTOPHAGY
卷 11, 期 8, 页码 1341-1357出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1061849
关键词
autophagy; liver; mitochondria; mitophagy; PRKAA1; AMPK; ROS; T-3; ULK1
类别
资金
- A*STAR Translational Clinical Research Partnership Award from MInistry of Health, Singapore [13/1/96/19/692, NMRC/CSA/0054/2013, NMRC/CIRG/1340/2012, NMRC/BNIG/2025/2014]
Currently, there is limited understanding about hormonal regulation of mitochondrial turnover. Thyroid hormone (T-3) increases oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage mitochondria. However, the mechanism for maintenance of mitochondrial activity and quality control by this hormone is not known. Here, we used both in vitro and in vivo hepatic cell models to demonstrate that induction of mitophagy by T-3 is coupled to oxidative phosphorylation and ROS production. We show that T-3 induction of ROS activates CAMKK2 (calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2, ) mediated phosphorylation of PRKAA1/AMPK (5 AMP-activated protein kinase), which in turn phosphorylates ULK1 (unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1) leading to its mitochondrial recruitment and initiation of mitophagy. Furthermore, loss of ULK1 in T-3-treated cells impairs both mitophagy as well as OXPHOS without affecting T-3 induced general autophagy/lipophagy. These findings demonstrate a novel ROS-AMPK-ULK1 mechanism that couples T-3-induced mitochondrial turnover with activity, wherein mitophagy is necessary not only for removing damaged mitochondria but also for sustaining efficient OXPHOS.
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