期刊
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
卷 5, 期 3, 页码 957-963出版社
SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.3892/etm.2013.895
关键词
Ganoderma lucidum; BV2 microglia; inflammation; nuclear factor kappa B; toll-like receptor
资金
- Dong-A University, Republic of Korea
Ganoderma lucidum is a traditional Oriental medicine that has been widely used as a tonic to promote longevity and health in Korea and other Asian countries. Although a great deal of work has been carried out on the therapeutic potential of this mushroom, the pharmacological mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory actions remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of G. lucidum ethanol extract (EGL) on the production of inflammatory mediators and cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine BV2 microglia. We also investigated the effects of EGL on the LPS-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappa B) and upregulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88). Elevated levels of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)) and pro-inflammatory cytokine production were detected in BV2 microglia following LPS stimulation. We identifed that EGL significantly inhibits the excessive production of NO, PGE(2) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in a concentration-dependent manner without causing cytotoxicity. In addition, EGL suppressed NF-kappa B translocation and transcriptional activity by blocking I kappa B degradation and inhibiting TLR4 and MyD88 expression in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Our results indicate that the inhibitory effects of EGL on LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses in BV2 microglia are associated with the suppression of the NF-kappa B and TLR signaling pathways. Therefore, EGL may be useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting inflammatory mediator responses in activated microglia.
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