期刊
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
卷 5, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.450
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资金
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning) [NRF-2013R1A2A2A01008507, NRF-2012R1A1A2041658, NRF-2010-0003927, NRF-2012R1A1A2041687, NRF-2012R1A5A2048183]
- Ajou University School of Medicine
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2012R1A5A2048183, 2013R1A2A2A01008507, 2010-0003927] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
Apoptosis, which is anti-inflammatory, and necrosis, which is pro-inflammatory, represent the extremes of the cell death spectrum. Cell death is complex and both apoptosis and necrosis can be observed in the same cells or tissues. Here, we introduce a novel combined mode of cellular demise - caspase-dependent regulated necrosis. Most importantly, it is mainly characterized with release of marked amount of oligo-or poly- nucleosomes and their attached damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and initiated by caspase activation. Caspase-activated DNase has dual roles in nucleosomal release as it can degrade extracellularly released chromatin into poly- or oligo-nucleosomes although it prohibits release of nucleosomes. In addition, osmotically triggered water movement following Cl- influx and subsequent Na+ influx appears to be the major driving force for nucleosomal and DAMPs release. Finally, Ca2+-activated cysteine protease, calpain, is an another essential factor in nucleosomal and DAMPs release because of complete reversion to apoptotic morphology from necrotic one and blockade of nucleosomal and DAMPs release by its inhibition.
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