期刊
FRONTIERS IN COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
卷 6, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2012.00076
关键词
astrocyte; calcium wave; endocannabinoid; IP3; neuron; self-repair; synapse
资金
- Intelligent Systems Research Centre under the Centre of Excellence in Intelligent Systems grant
- Integrated Development Fund
- NIMH [080838]
- NSF [BCS0826897]
- US ONR [N000140510117]
- Wellcome Trust [91882]
- MRC [900671]
- European Union [Health F2-2007-202167]
- Division Of Behavioral and Cognitive Sci
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie [0826897] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
In this paper we demonstrate that retrograde signaling via astrocytes may underpin self-repair in the brain. Faults manifest themselves in silent or near silent neurons caused by low transmission probability (PR) synapses; the enhancement of the transmission PR of a healthy neighboring synapse by retrograde signaling can enhance the transmission PR of the faulty synapse (repair). Our model of self-repair is based on recent research showing that retrograde signaling via astrocytes can increase the PR of neurotransmitter release at damaged or low transmission PR synapses. The model demonstrates that astrocytes are capable of bidirectional communication with neurons which leads to modulation of synaptic activity, and that indirect signaling through retrograde messengers such as endocannabinoids leads to modulation of synaptic transmission PR. Although our model operates at the level of cells, it provides a new research direction on brain-like self repair which can be extended to networks of astrocytes and neurons. It also provides a biologically inspired basis for developing highly adaptive, distributed computing systems that can, at fine levels of granularity, fault detect, diagnose and self-repair autonomously, without the traditional constraint of a central fault detect/repair unit.
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