期刊
SEMINARS IN PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
卷 21, 期 1, 页码 42-49出版社
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2014.01.003
关键词
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资金
- NIHR
- Academy of Medical Sciences
- Wellcome Trust
- British Heart Foundation
- Arthritis Research, UK
- Wellcome Trust Biosciences fellowship
- Academy of Medical Sciences (AMS) [AMS-SGCL7-Kerac, AMS-SGCL6-Gladstone] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [ACF-2008-18-010, CL-2012-18-005] Funding Source: researchfish
Malnutrition and neurodisability are both major public health problems in Africa. This review highlights key areas where they interact. This happens throughout life and starts with maternal malnutrition affecting fetal neurodevelopment with both immediate (eg, folate deficiency causing neural tube defects) and lifelong implications (eg, impaired cognitive function). Maternal malnutrition can also increase the risk of perinatal problems, including birth asphyxia, a major cause of neurologic damage and cerebral palsy. Macronutrient malnutrition can both cause and be caused by neurodisability. Mechanisms include decreased food intake, increased nutrient losses, and increased nutrient requirement. Specific micronutrient deficiencies can also lead to neurodisability, for example, blindness (vitamin A), intractable epilepsy (vitamin B6), and cognitive impairment (iodine and iron). Toxin ingestion (eg, from poorly processed cassava) can cause neurodisability including a peripheral polyneuropathy and a spastic paraparesis. We conclude that there is an urgent need for nutrition and disability programs to work more closely together. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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