期刊
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
卷 -, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/JHEP01(2015)103
关键词
Higher Twist Effects; Phenomenological Models
资金
- Belgian Fund F.R.S.-FNRS
- U.S. National Science Foundation [1406298]
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Physics [1406298] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Higher-twist transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) are a valuable probe of the quark-gluon dynamics in the nucleon, and play a vital role for the explanation of sizable azimuthal asymmetries in hadron production from unpolarized and polarized deep-inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering observed in experiments at CERN, DESY and Jefferson Lab. The associated observables are challenging to interpret, and still await a complete theoretical explanation, which makes guidance from models valuable. In this work we establish the formalism to describe unpolarized higher-twist TMDs in the light-front framework based on a Fock-space expansion of the nucleon state in terms of free on-shell parton states. We derive general expressions and present numerical results in a practical realization of this picture provided by the light-front constituent quark model. We review several other popular quark model approaches including free quark ensemble, bag, spectator and chiral quark-soliton model. We discuss how higher-twist TMDs are described in these models, and obtain results for several TMDs not discussed previously in literature. This study contributes to the understanding of non-perturbative properties of subleading twist TMDs. The results from the light-front constituent quark model are also compared to available phenomenological information, showing a satisfactory agreement.
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