期刊
WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
卷 126, 期 3, 页码 443-450出版社
WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1676/13-136.1
关键词
Black Skimmer; nest predation; nest success; nest survival; Rynchops niger; South Carolina
类别
资金
- State Wildlife Grant Program, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, and Environmental Sciences at Clemson University
- USGS South Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
- South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Clemson University
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
- U.S. Geological Survey
Little is known about the reproductive success of Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger) throughout the southeastern USA where availability of undisturbed beaches for nesting is limited. Daily survival rates (DSR) of nests were examined at three nesting sites in Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge (CRNWR), South Carolina, USA, 2009-2010. The percent of successful nests (n = 346 nests) ranged from 42-69% among colony sites when data were pooled across both years. The DSR of nests was primarily related to colony site, predation risk, height of high tide, and clutch size. Predation and overwash were the principal causes of identifiable nest loss, each accounting for similar to 33% of nest failures during the two study years. Because of the challenges of resighting skimmer chicks, We were not able to measure chick survival effectively and therefore accurate measures of productivity remain elusive. High variability in nest success among sites Within close proximity to each other (<20 km) suggests factors at local scales such as disturbance, predation, and overwash events strongly influenced nest success of Black Skimmers during these 2 years as opposed to more region-wide stressors such as tropical storms or food availability. Although time-intensive techniques to control predators do exist, management options to limit flooding and overwash are far more limited. Conservation of Black Skimmers in the southeastern USA would benefit from coordinated, multi-state efforts to measure nest and chick survival.
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