期刊
WATER RESEARCH
卷 45, 期 16, 页码 4837-4843出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.06.033
关键词
Drinking water treatment plant (DWTP); Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP); Recreational river area (RRA); IDEXX Filta-Max; Microsporidia; Encephalitozoon intestinalis
资金
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [RTA2010-00003-00-00]
- Fundacion San Pablo-CEU [03/08]
Diarrhea is the main health problem caused by human-related microsporidia, and water-borne transmission is one of the main risk factors for intestinal diseases. Recent studies suggest the involvement of water in the epidemiology of human microsporidiosis. However, studies related to the presence of microsporidia in different types of waters from countries where human microsporidiosis has been described are still scarce. Thirty-eight water samples from 8 drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), 8 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and 6 recreational river areas (RRAs) from Galicia (NW Spain) have been analyzed. One hundred liters of water from DWTPs and 50 L of water from WWTPs and RRAs were filtered to recover parasites, using the IDEXX Filta-Max (R) system. Microsporidian spores were identified by Weber's stain and positive samples were analyzed by PCR, using specific primers for Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Encephalitozoon intestinalis, Encephalitozoon cuniculi, and Encephalitozoon hellem. Microsporidia spores were identified by staining protocols in eight samples (21.0%): 2 from DWTPs, 5 from WWTPs, and 1 from an RRA. In the RRA sample, the microsporidia were identified as E. intestinalis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of human-pathogenic microsporidia in water samples from DWTPs, WWTPs and RRAs in Spain. These observations add further evidence to support that new and appropriate control and regulations for drinking, wastewater, and recreational waters should be established to avoid health risks from this pathogen. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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