期刊
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
卷 218, 期 1-4, 页码 283-291出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11270-010-0641-4
关键词
Synthetic surfactants; Macroalgae; Toxicity; Chlorophyll fluorescence
资金
- Erasmus Mundus studentship
The toxicities of three synthetic surfactants to the marine macroalga, Ulva lactuca, have been examined by monitoring chlorophyll a fluorescence quenching. The anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), exerted no measurable toxicity over the concentration range 0-10 mg L-1, while presence of the non-ionic surfactant, Triton X-100 (TX), elicited a small reduction in photochemical efficiency that was independent of concentration. The cationic surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA), incurred a dose-dependent response to similar to 3 mg L-1 (EC50 = 2.4 mg L-1), but a reduction in toxicity thereafter. Presence of TX had little effect on the toxicity of HDTMA but an equimolar concentration of SDS directly offset the impact of HDTMA on photochemical efficiency. Relative toxicities of the surfactants are attributed to differences in affinity for the algal surface and tendencies to disrupt cell membranes and interact with intracellular macromolecules. Non-linear dose responses and antagonistic effects are attributed to non-specific interactions between molecules of the same surfactant and electrostatic interactions between molecules of different amphiphilic character.
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