Effect of the organic loading rate on the performance of anaerobic acidogenic fermentation of two-phase olive mill solid residue

A study of the effect of the organic loading rate (OLR) on the anaerobic acidogenic fermentation of two-phase olive mill solid residue (OMSR) derived from fruits with a low ripening index was carried out in a laboratory-scale completely stirred tank reactor at mesophilic temperature (35 degrees C). Eight experimental runs were carried out at OLRs of 3.2, 5.6, 7.4, 9.6, 11.0, 12.9, 14.0 and 15.1 g T-COD/l d, which were equivalent to hydraulic retention times of 50.0, 28.8, 21.8 16.9, 14.7 12.4, 11.5 and 10.7 d, respectively. The experimental results obtained demonstrated that the optimum value of OLR for the acidogenic fermentation process was 12.9 g T-COD/l d, for which a maximum production of acetic acid was achieved. It was found that inhib ion of the process occurred at OLRs higher than 12.9 g T-COD/ I d. This was characterized by a significant decrease in the acetic acid concentration in the effluent and an increase in the concentration of other volatile acids that may affect the methanogenic step. The process inhibition was also characterized by the plateau in the curves of the effluent substrate concentration versus the OLR applied. It was found that a first-order kinetics satisfactorily described the influence of non-acetic acid soluble organic matter concentration (S-COD*) on the rate of soluble organic matter conversion to acetic acid (RS-COD*), and the influence of acetic acid concentration (AcH) on the rate of acetic acid production (R-AcH), while a potential equation type adequately described the influence of acetic acid concentration on the volumetric hydrogen production (Q(H2)). The kinetic constant for soluble organic matter removal was 0.145 d(-1), while the constant for acetic acid formation was found to be 0.075 d(-1). (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.