期刊
VIROLOGY
卷 432, 期 2, 页码 435-443出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.07.001
关键词
Anti-viral immunity; Viral infection; Amphibian; Innate immunity
类别
资金
- NIH [R24-AI-059830]
- NSF [IOB-0923772]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [0923772] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Xenopus laevis adults mount effective immune responses to ranavirus Frog Virus 3 (FV3) infections and clear the pathogen within 2-3 weeks. In contrast, most tadpoles cannot clear FV3 and succumb to infections within a month. While larval susceptibility has been attributed to ineffective adaptive immunity, the contribution of innate immune components has not been addressed. Accordingly, we performed a comprehensive gene expression analysis on FV3-infected tadpoles and adults. In comparison to adults, leukocytes and tissues of infected tadpoles exhibited modest (10-100 time lower than adult) and delayed (3 day later than adult) increase in expression of inflammation-associated (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IFN-gamma) and antiviral (Mx1) genes. In contrast, these genes were readily and robustly upregulated in tadpoles upon bacterial stimulation. Furthermore, greater proportions of larval than adult PLs were infected by FV3. Our study suggests that tadpole susceptibility to FV3 infection is partially due to poor virus-elicited innate immune responses. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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