期刊
VACUUM
卷 84, 期 7, 页码 924-929出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2009.12.015
关键词
ZnO; Sputtering; Annealing; Structure; Optical transmittance; Electrical resistance
资金
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [TEC2007-66506-C02-01/MIC, PS-120000-2007-1]
Transparent and conductive Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films have been grown with various thicknesses between 0.3 and 1.1 mu m by magnetron sputtering at room temperature onto soda lime glass substrates. After deposition, the samples have been annealed at temperatures ranging from 150 to 450 degrees C in air or vacuum. The optical, electrical, and structural characteristics of the AZO coatings have been analyzed as a function of the film thickness and the annealing parameters by spectrophotometry, Hall effect measurements, and X-ray diffraction. As-grown layers are found polycrystalline, with hexagonal structure that shows some elongation of the unit cells along the c-axis, having visible transmittance similar to 85-90% and resistivity similar to 1.6-2.0 m Omega cm, both parameters slightly decreasing when the film thickness increases. Heating in air or vacuum produces further elongation of the crystalline lattice together with some increase of the visible transmittance and a decrease of the electrical resistance that depends on the heating temperature and atmosphere. The best characteristics have been obtained after treatment in vacuum at 350 degrees C, where the highest carrier concentrations are achieved, giving visible transmittance similar to 90-95% and resistivity similar to 0.8-0.9 m Omega cm for the AZO layers with various thicknesses. Some relationships between the analyzed properties have been established, showing the dependence of the lattice distortion, the band gap energy and the mobility on the carrier concentration. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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