期刊
VACCINE
卷 32, 期 14, 页码 1579-1587出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.08.067
关键词
Immunity; T cells; Antibodies; Immune regulation; Innate defenses; Gonococcal antigens
资金
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [RO1-AI 42053, U19 AI31496, R21 AI074791]
- John R. Oishei Foundation, Buffalo, New York
Gonorrhea occurs at high incidence throughout the world and significantly impacts reproductive health and the spread of human immunodeficiency virus. Current control measures are inadequate and seriously threatened by the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance. Progress on gonorrhea vaccines has been slow; however, recent advances justify significant effort in this area. Conserved vaccine antigens have been identified that elicit bactericidal antibodies and, or play key roles in pathogenesis that could be targeted by a vaccine-induced response. A murine genital tract infection model is available for systematic testing of antigens, immunization routes and adjuvants, and transgenic mice exist to relieve some host restrictions. Furthermore, mechanisms by which Neisseria gonorrhoeae avoids inducing a protective adaptive response are being elucidated using human cells and the mouse model. Induction of a Th1 response in mice clears infection and induces a memory response, which suggests Th1-inducing adjuvants may be key in vaccine-induced protection. Continued research in this area should include human testing and clinical studies to confirm or negate findings from experimental systems and to define protective host factors. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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