期刊
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
卷 36, 期 3, 页码 185-194出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2012.10.001
关键词
synapse; active zone; reside tethering; high-frequency signaling
资金
- Heisenberg Program of the German Research Foundation [HA 6386/1-1, 2-1]
- Wellcome Trust [095667]
- European Research Council
Rapid information processing in our nervous system relies on high-frequency fusion of transmitter-filled vesicles at chemical synapses. Some sensory synapses possess prominent electron-dense ribbon structures that provide a scaffold for tethering synaptic vesicles at the active zone (AZ), enabling sustained vesicular release. Here, we review functional data indicating that some central and neuromuscular synapses can also sustain vesicle-fusion rates that are comparable to those of ribbon-type sensory synapses. Comparison of the ultrastructure across these different types of synapses, together with recent work showing that cytomatrix proteins can tether vesicles and speed vesicle reloading, suggests that filamentous structures may play a key role in vesicle supply. We discuss potential mechanisms by which vesicle tethering could contribute to sustained high rates of vesicle fusion across ribbon-type, central, and neuromuscular synapses.
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