期刊
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
卷 33, 期 1, 页码 27-37出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2007.09.013
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资金
- NIGMS NIH HHS [GM68848] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM068848] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
The study of cyclooxygenases (COXs), targets of aspirin and related drugs, is rooted in the discovery of essential fatty acids (EFAs). There are two COXs that convert EFAs, primarily arachidonic acid, to prostaglandins. Each COX is involved with distinct biologies. COX-1 expression is constitutive while COX-2 is inducible. The two COXs might have evolved partly to permit prostaglandin formation at different tissue sites. However, COX-2 is sometimes induced in cells already expressing COX-1, and in these instances, COX-2 functions while COX-1 is latent. This can occur because of unique biochemical properties of COX-2 that enable cells to form prostaglandins when arachidonic acid comprises a small fraction of available fatty acids and the concentrations of peroxides that are necessary for COX to function are low.
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