期刊
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
卷 3, 期 8, 页码 1732-1744出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b00262
关键词
Network optimization; Life cycle optimization; MINLP; Biofuels; Bioproducts
资金
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern University (ISEN)
- Argonne National Laboratory via a Northwestern-Argonne Early Career Investigator Award for Energy Research
A biofuels and bioproducts conversion network is optimized over unit cost and unit greenhouse gas emissions objectives. We use a multiobjective, functional unit approach based on the life cycle analysis methodology with simultaneous consideration of capital budget constraints. A novel functional unit of mass of input biogenic CO2-eq is proposed to capture common benefits of bioproducts and biofuels. A novel dimensionless net atmospheric carbon ratio (NACR) for bioconversion processes is defined that captures the life cycle carbon footprint of the process from feedstock cultivation to product end use. The model is formulated as a nonconvex multiobjective mixed integer nonlinear fractional programming problem. We address computational complexity by developing a novel global optimization algorithm that incorporates the parametric algorithm and successive piecewise linear approximations to estimate nonconvex terms, and we introduce nonlinear programming subproblems to ensure global convergence under capital cost budget constraints. We consider large-scale case studies of a bioconversion network of 200 technologies and 142 materials/compounds where fuels and chemicals can be made from biomass. Unit costs range from -$0.27 to -$0.43/kg input CO2-eq, and the NACRs range from 0.17 to 0.25. An optimal NACR that includes biofuel combustion emissions over a network where only biofuels are produced was found to be 1.90.
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