期刊
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
卷 14, 期 2, 页码 120-131出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2008.11.007
关键词
Climate change mitigation; Transport demand management; External costs; Urban transportation; Road charging
Urban car transportation is a cause of climate change but is also associated with additional burdens such as traffic congestion and air pollution. Studies of external costs and potential impacts of travel demand management help to define policy instruments that mitigate the damaging impact of transportation. Here, we analyze different externalities of car transportation in Beijing and show that social costs induced by motorized transportation are equivalent to about 7.5-15.0% of Beijing's GDP. Congestion and air pollution contribute the most with climate change costs being the most uncertain. We show that a road charge could not only address congestion but also has environmental benefits. The paper investigates the role of demand elasticities and demonstrates that joint demand and supply-side policies provide considerable synergies. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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