Detection methods and applications of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices

This review reports on recent advances in state-of-the-art detection methods for microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (mu PADs). The review commences by describing the materials, fabrication methods and driving mechanisms employed in mu PADs. The review then explores the main detection methods and applications of mu PADs proposed over the past five years. The discussions focus on seven detection technologies, namely (1) colorimetric detection, (2) fluorescent detection, (3) electrochemical detection and photoelectrochemical detection, (4) chemiluminescent detection, (5) electro-chemiluminescent detection, (6) nanoparticle-based detection, and (7) spectrometry detection. Overall, the review provides a useful insight into recent advances in the mu PAD detection field and serves as a useful source of reference for further research and innovation in the field. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.