期刊
TOXICON
卷 54, 期 8, 页码 1183-1189出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.02.030
关键词
Palytoxin; Cation channel; Na,K-ATPase; Na+,K+-adenosine triphosphatase; Na,K-pump; P-type ATPase; Ciguatera; Ouabain
Palytoxin is a marine toxin originally isolated from the zoantharians of the genus Palythoa, but now is found in marine organisms ranging from dinoflagellates to fishes. With a MW of 2680, it is one of the largest nonpolymeric natural products ever found. Its complex structure has been elucidated and total synthesis has been achieved. With an LD50 Of 25 ng/kg for rabbits (the most sensitive species), it is one of the most lethal marine toxins. It binds to the Na,K-ATPase specifically with a K-D of 20 pM. It has a unique action on the Na,K-ATPase, converting the pump into an ion channel and resulting in K+ efflux, Na+ influx and membrane depolarization. As a result palytoxin causes a wide spectrum of secondary pharmacological actions. By acting like a key to unlock the internal structure of the Na,K-ATPase, palytoxin holds promise as a useful tool for investigation of the pump molecule. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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