期刊
TOXICOLOGY
卷 304, 期 -, 页码 109-119出版社
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.12.011
关键词
6-Hydroxydopamine; Nrf2/NF-kappa B pathways; Mitochondrial dysfunction; Apoptosis; Kinases signaling
资金
- PAPIIT/UNAM [IN201910]
- CONACyT [129838, 168356]
- CONACyT-Mexico [239757, 46497]
- Santander Bank
6-Hydroxydopainine (6-OHDA) is a neurotoxin that generates an experimental model of Parkinson's disease in rodents and is commonly employed to induce a lesion in dopaminergic pathways. The characterization of those molecular mechanisms linked to 6-OHDA-induced early toxicity is needed to better understand the cellular events further leading to neurodegeneration. The present work explored how 6-OHDA triggers early downstream signaling pathways that activate neurotoxicity in the rat striatum. Mitochondrial function, caspases-dependent apoptosis, kinases signaling (Akt, ERK 1/2, SAP/JNK and p38) and crosstalk between nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) and nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were evaluated at early times post-lesion. We found that 6-OHDA initiates cell damage via mitochondrial complex I inhibition, cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) release, as well as activation of caspases 9 and 3 to induce apoptosis, kinase signaling modulation and NF-kappa B-mediated inflammatory responses, accompanied by inhibition of antioxidant systems regulated by the Nrf2 pathway. Our results suggest that kinases SAP/JNK and p38 up-regulation may play a role in the early stages of 6-OHDA toxicity to trigger intrinsic pathways for apoptosis and enhanced NF-kappa B activation. In turn, these cellular events inhibit the activation of cytoprotective mechanisms, thereby leading to a condition of general damage. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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