期刊
TISSUE ANTIGENS
卷 75, 期 1, 页码 12-18出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01383.x
关键词
abacavir; adverse effects; drug hypersensitivity; HIV; HLA-B*5701; pharmacogenetics
Abacavir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) that is used in combination antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. It is currently recommended as a preferred or an alternative NRTI in antiretroviral-naive patients. The major toxicity of abacavir is a hypersensitivity reaction (HSR), which occurs in approximately 5% of treated patients. There is a strong association between the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*5701 allele and abacavir HSR, which has allowed for rapid acceptance of genetic screening for HLA-B*5701 in clinical use. Canadian clinicians working in hospital centers with HLA typing capacity opted to launch a pilot project in 2006 to offer the screening test as standard of care to HIV-infected patients. Currently, more than 11,000 HLA-B*5701 tests have been performed, among which 6.3% are positive. Continued efforts have been made to ensure that testing is available to all HIV-infected patients to widen the patients' therapeutic options. HLA-B*5701 screening shows clinical use and preliminary data suggest cost-effectiveness.
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