期刊
THEORETICAL POPULATION BIOLOGY
卷 124, 期 -, 页码 31-40出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2018.08.001
关键词
Habitat loss; Habitat fragmentation; Heterogeneous habitat; Pre-emptive competition; Spatial model; Stochastic model
资金
- Academy of Finland [129636, 250444, 284601]
- Research Council of Norway [223257]
- European Research Council [205905]
- European Research Council (ERC) [205905] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
Empirical studies have shown that, unlike species with specialized resource requirements, generalist species may benefit from habitat destruction. We use a family of models to probe the causes of the contrasting responses of these two types of species to habitat destruction. Our approach allows a number of mechanisms to be switched on and off, thereby making it possible to study their marginal and joint effects. Unlike many previous models, we do not assume any intrinsic competitive asymmetry between the species, and we assume pre-emptive rather than displacement competition. Under these assumptions, in the mean-field model the prevalences of all species decrease monotonically with decreasing habitat availability, independently of the degree of specialization. However, in the stochastic and spatial individual-based simulations of the same model, the specialists dominate in landscapes of high quality, whereas generalists thrive in landscapes of intermediate quality; no species persist in very poor landscapes. The same pattern also occurs in a non-spatial stochastic model but not in a deterministic spatial model, showing that demographic stochasticity plays a key role in shaping the outcome of competitive interactions. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Inc.
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