Gallium(III) triflate-catalyzed synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives

Gallium(III) triflate-catalyzed reactions of phenylene-1,2-diamines and 1,2-diketones produce quinoxalines in excellent to quantitative yields. The reactions proceed with 1 mol% catalyst in ethanol at room temperature. The catalyst can be recycled for at least 10 times. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.