One-pot four-component synthesis of highly substituted pyrroles in gluconic acid aqueous solution

Four-component coupling of amines, aldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, and nitromethane has been achieved in gluconic acid aqueous solution (GAAS) to produce polysubstituted pyrroles in high yield. Gluconic acid aqueous solution could be recycled and reused several times without significant loss of its efficiency. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.