Intraindividual variability in Sinonamuropteridae forewing venation (Grylloblattida; Late Carboniferous): taxonomic and nomenclatural implications

The family Sinonamuropteridae has been erected for nine fossil insect species from the Late Carboniferous Tupo Formation (Ningxia, China), each represented by a single isolated forewing. The family has been assigned to the order Diaphanopterodea (extinct palaeopteran order). We investigated the forewing venation pattern and its variability in this family based on an abundant collection from the same locality. Based on new data on Chelopterum peregrinum Carpenter, 1950 (Grylloblattida; Lower Permian; Wellington Formation, U.S.A.) and the new material, we demonstrate that the nine sinonamuropteridaean species form a single one: Sinonamuropteris ningxiaensis Peng et al., 2005. The following genera are considered as synonyms of Sinonamuropteris: Separatonerva Peng et al., 2005 syn.n., Combonerva Peng et al., 2005 syn.n. and Tectonerva Peng et al., 2005 syn.n. The following species (all with Peng et al., 2005, as their authority) are considered as synonyms of S. ningxiaensis: Separatonerva longa syn.n., Separatonerva qilianshanensis syn.n., Combonerva granulata syn.n., Combonerva huangheensis syn.n., Tectonerva longovata syn.n., Sinonamuropsis zhongweiensis syn.n., Sinonamuropsis rugoverrucosa syn.n., Sinonamuropsis xiaheyanensis syn.n. The family must be assigned to the neopteran order Grylloblattida.