Cambajuva (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae: Arthrostylidiinae), a New Woody Bamboo Genus from Southern Brazil

Arthrostylidiinae are one of the three subtribes of Neotropical woody bamboos and comprise 13 genera and over 160 described species. Recent phylogenetic analyses have demonstrated both the non-monophyly of Aulonemia Goudot and the sister relationship of Aulonemia ulei (Hack.) McClure to the monotypic Glaziophyton Franch., with which it forms a clade sister to the reminder of the subtribe. Based on these data and on morphological and anatomical characters, we present herein the new monotypic genus Cambajuva, as well as a new combination, to accommodate A. ulei. Morphological and anatomical descriptions are also provided, as well as a comparison with putatively related genera of the subtribe.