期刊
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
卷 11, 期 8, 页码 1889-1900出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1035502
关键词
DNA vaccine; cancer; anti-tumor immunity; tumor immune evasion
资金
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2012R1A1A2038430]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2012R1A1A2038430] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
Numerous animal studies and recent clinical studies have shown that electroporation-delivered DNA vaccines can elicit robust Ag-specific CTL responses and reduce disease severity. However, cancer antigens are generally poorly immunogenic, requiring special conditions for immune response induction. To date, many different approaches have been used to elicit Ag-specific CTL and anti-neoplastic responses to DNA vaccines against cancer. In vivo electroporation is one example, whereas others include DNA manipulation, xenogeneic antigen use, immune stimulatory molecule and immune response regulator application, DNA prime-boost immunization strategy use and different DNA delivery methods. These strategies likely increase the immunogenicity of cancer DNA vaccines, thereby contributing to cancer eradication. However, cancer cells are heterogeneous and might become CTL-resistant. Thus, understanding the CTL resistance mechanism(s) employed by cancer cells is critical to develop counter-measures for this immune escape. In this review, the use of electroporation as a DNA delivery method, the strategies used to enhance the immune responses, the cancer antigens that have been tested, and the escape mechanism(s) used by tumor cells are discussed, with a focus on the progress of clinical trials using cancer DNA vaccines.
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