期刊
FRESHWATER SCIENCE
卷 34, 期 1, 页码 99-110出版社
UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
DOI: 10.1086/679757
关键词
proglacial groundwater; groundwater-surface-water exchange; Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing; seepage flux; glacial retreat; ecohydrology; Iceland
资金
- Royal Geographical Society [PRA 26.12]
- Institute of British Geographers (RGS-IBG) [PRA 26.12]
- Research Institute for the Environment, Physical Sciences and Applied Mathematics (EPSAM) at Keele University
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Earth Sciences [1440596, 1128999, 1129003, 1440506] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
The effect of proglacial groundwater systems on surface hydrology and ecology in cold regions often is neglected when assessing the ecohydrological implications of climate change. We present a novel approach in which we combined 2 temperature-tracing techniques to assess the spatial patterns and short-term temporal dynamics of groundwater-surface-water exchange in the proglacial zone of Skaftafellsjokull, a retreating glacier in southeastern Iceland. Our study focuses on localized groundwater discharge to a surface-water environment, where high temporal- and spatial-resolution mapping of sediment surface and subsurface temperatures (10-15 cm depth) were obtained by Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (FO-DTS). The FO-DTS survey identified temporally consistent locations of temperature anomalies at the sediment-water interface, indicating distinct zones of cooler groundwater upwelling. The high-resolution FO-DTS surveys were combined with calculations of 1-dimensional groundwater seepage fluxes based on 3 vertical sediment temperature profiles, covering depths of 10, 25, and 40 cm below the lake bed. The calculated groundwater seepage rates ranged between 1.02 to 6.10 m/d. We used the combined techniques successfully to identify substantial temporal and spatial heterogeneities in groundwater-surface exchange fluxes that have relevance for the ecohydrological functioning of the investigated system and its potential resilience to environmental change.
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